Casa ESL · B1 Intermediate · Unit 8 of 20 · Step 1

Health & Wellbeing

First Conditional

✓Form the first conditional correctly (if + present simple, will + infinitive)

✓Use the first conditional to talk about real and possible future situations

✓Discuss health choices and their consequences using conditional sentences

Name

Date

Vocabulary

nutrition

noun

The process of eating the right kind of food for good health.

"Good nutrition is essential for a healthy life."

immune

adjective

Protected against a particular disease or illness.

"A balanced diet helps keep your immune system strong."

sedentary

adjective

Involving a lot of sitting and not much physical activity.

"A sedentary lifestyle can lead to health problems."

moderate

adjective

Average in amount, intensity, or degree; not extreme.

"Doctors recommend moderate exercise several times a week."

symptom

noun

A physical sign that shows you may have an illness.

"A sore throat is a common symptom of a cold."

prevent

verb

To stop something from happening.

"Regular handwashing helps prevent the spread of germs."

recovery

noun

The process of getting better after an illness or injury.

"His recovery from surgery took about six weeks."

fatigue

noun

Extreme tiredness, usually resulting from mental or physical effort.

"Lack of sleep often causes fatigue during the day."

Grammar Focus

First conditional (if + present simple, will + infinitive)

Use the first conditional to talk about things that are likely or possible in the future. The 'if' clause uses the present simple, and the main clause uses 'will + infinitive'. The clauses can appear in either order. When the 'if' clause comes first, use a comma. You can also use 'unless' (= if not) in the condition.

If you eat more vegetables, you will feel healthier.

You won't pass the exam if you don't study.

If she gets the job, she will move to Madrid.

Unless you wear sunscreen, you'll get sunburned.

Exercises

Exercise 1

Complete each first conditional sentence with the correct form of the verb in brackets.

1. If you (not sleep) enough, you (feel) tired tomorrow.

2. She (lose) weight if she (exercise) regularly.

3. If it (rain) tomorrow, we (cancel) the picnic.

4. You (not improve) unless you (practise) every day.

5. If he (take) the medicine, he (recover) more quickly.

Exercise 2

Match each condition to its most logical result.

1. If you drink enough water,you will have more energy during the day.

2. If she doesn't see a doctor,her condition might get worse.

3. Unless you reduce your stress,you won't sleep well at night.

4. If people walk more,air pollution in cities will decrease.

5. If you skip breakfast every day,you will often feel tired by mid-morning.

Reading

Small Changes, Big Results

Many people want to be healthier but feel overwhelmed by the idea of making big lifestyle changes. However, research suggests that small adjustments can make a significant difference. If you walk for just thirty minutes a day, you will reduce your risk of heart disease by up to twenty per cent. If you replace sugary drinks with water, you will consume far fewer empty calories. Sleep is equally important — if you go to bed at the same time every night, your body will develop a more consistent rhythm, and you will wake up feeling more refreshed. Unless you take care of your mental health too, physical improvements alone won't be enough. Simple habits like spending time outdoors and talking to friends regularly will help you feel happier and more balanced.

1. What will happen if you walk for thirty minutes a day?

2. According to the text, why is mental health important?

Speaking

Discuss these questions with a partner or your teacher.

1Discuss with your partner: 'What will happen if people continue to have sedentary lifestyles?' Make predictions using the first conditional.

2Give your partner health advice using first conditional sentences. For example: 'If you eat more fruit, you will get more vitamins.' Take turns giving and receiving advice.

Writing

Write 6–8 first conditional sentences giving advice about how to stay healthy. Cover topics like diet, exercise, sleep, and mental health.

Example: If you eat a balanced diet, you will have more energy throughout the day. If you don't get enough sleep, you will find it difficult to concentrate. You will feel less stressed if you take regular breaks from your screen. Unless you drink enough water, you will often feel tired and sluggish.

Answer Key — For Teacher Use

Exercise 1

1. don't sleep / will feel · 2. will lose / exercises · 3. rains / will cancel · 4. won't improve / practise · 5. takes / will recover

Exercise 2

1. If you drink enough water, → you will have more energy during the day. · 2. If she doesn't see a doctor, → her condition might get worse. · 3. Unless you reduce your stress, → you won't sleep well at night. · 4. If people walk more, → air pollution in cities will decrease. · 5. If you skip breakfast every day, → you will often feel tired by mid-morning.

Reading Comprehension

1. You will reduce your risk of heart disease by up to twenty per cent. · 2. Unless you take care of your mental health, physical improvements alone won't be enough.

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